Catholic Church During The Protestant Reformation

The three areas of concern that Catholics had about the Catholic Church before the Protestant Reformation were The Plague, Abuse of the Indulgences and The Great Schism. The Plague also known as the Black Death was a disease caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis that circulated among wild rodents. The disease took place in the fourteenth century. Symptoms include aching of limbs, high fever, vomiting of blood, and swelling of the lymph nodes. After the lymph nodes swelled they would then burst quickly followed by death. It was believed by many Christians that the cause of the plague was God’s anger at the sinfulness of mankind. Extreme measures were being taken to appease this anger. Groups of people known as the Flagenece went through the towns offering penance trying to make amends for the evil of the world. Due to their extreme approach of turning their anger on the Jews and priests who did not approve of them, they were suppressed and condemned by the Pope in 1349. There were questions as to why God was so angry with his people, and why his servants and leaders in the Church could not appease his anger. In the history of the church there have been a lot of Abuse of Indulgences. An indulgence can be seen like a certificate of credit. It is apparent by the Catholic doctrine, when a person has sinned, they can perform various forms of penance to earn the spiritual credit. This credit can then be used towards an early release from Purgatory. The Indulgence had beenShow MoreRelatedProtestants Were The Victims Of The Catholic Church s Persecution During The Reformation1584 Words   |  7 PagesProtestants were the victims of the Catholic Church’s persecution during the Reformation. Even while Protestants were fighting their own persecution, some Protestants were persecuting others who wanted the same freedom to practice their own religions. The Anabaptists were one group who suffered the persecution of both the Catholic Church and fellow Prot estants. Pacifism, as well as martyrdom were two elements of Anabaptism that appealed to females because these elements fostered opportunitiesRead MoreThe Reformation And The Reformation1421 Words   |  6 Pagesflawed teachings of the Catholic Church many people were dissatisfied about their faith during the Renaissance. This led to a period called the Reformation, which began in 1517. The Reformation was led by radical critics Martin Luther and John Calvin, who questioned the teachings and practices of the Roman Catholic Church, due to their selling of indulgences and stray from the Bible. The Reformation started in central Europe and spread to encompass most of the continent, during which time people leftRead MoreChanges Brought on By the Renaissance Period Essay534 Words   |  3 Pagesabout great change in religion through the Protestant and Catholic Reformations. The Protestant Reformation and Catholic Reformation of the 16th century greatly changed individual freedoms, in dividual liberties, and the influence of religion. The start of the Protestant Reformation came when Martin Luther posted his 95 Thesis on the doors of the Castle Church in Wittenberg, Germany. (Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica â€Å"Reformation†) Luther believed the Catholic Church was corrupt, citing the indulgences as aRead MoreThe Protestant Reformation And The Reformation Essay1379 Words   |  6 PagesThe Protestant Reformation Why the Protestant Reformation is considered a significant development in the Christian Church. The Protestant Reformation was an event which occurred within the Catholic Church during the 16th century. This Reformation was prompted by Martin Luther’s ‘95 theses’ which were a list of 95 criticisms towards the church. The Reformation formed another branch of Christianity called Protestantism which is comprised of many different Christian denominations including AnglicanRead MoreCounter Reformation and Art History641 Words   |  3 PagesThe Reformation was a religious movement that divided the church between the Catholics and Protestants. The Counter-Reformation was a reaction movement that followed this originally crusade, and was lead by the Catholics as a response to the wide spread of Protestantism. The purpose of the Counter-Reformation was to spawn internal reforms. This movement was focused on the renewal of the church in the form of the use of images, focus on the church as the house of God, and the veneration of the VirginRead MoreThe Protestant Ref ormation And The Reformation916 Words   |  4 PagesThe Protestant Reformation took place in the 16th century and was a major European movement whose goal was to reform the beliefs and practices of the Roman Catholic Church. This movement led to people worshipping God as they wanted and no longer relying on the Catholic Church for guidance with religious matters. Even though people were doing what they believed, the Protestant Reformation brought many conflicts. Religious disagreements caused bloody conflicts all over Europe. The principal figureRead MoreEssay about The Historical Impacts of the Protestant Reformation946 Words   |  4 PagesThe Protestant Reformation and European expansion have both left political, social and economic impacts throughout history. The Protestant Reformation which was started in the 1500’s, by a Catholic man named Martin Luther caused political instability and fragmented the Holy Roman Empire. It economically caused the church to go bankrupt and socially allowed for the rise of individualism among the people; Luther gave the people of Europe the long needed reason to break free of the church. The ProtestantRead MoreThe Protestant Reformation Essay1014 Words   |  5 Pagesof the Protestant Reformation. This paper will discuss Lutheran Reformation, The Anabaptist, and The English Puritans as well as the Catholic Reformation also known as the Counter Reformation. It is the hope that after the reader has had the opportunity to view each of the characteristics and the expressions of each of the reformation the reader will have a better understanding of each and will be able to articulate the differences of each. The Protestant Reformation called the Protestant RevoltRead MoreThe Decline Of The Protestant Reformation1276 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction: The Protestant Reformation was a religious act in the 1500’s that split the Christian Church in Western Europe and led to the establishment of many new churches. It effected spiritual thought, philosophy, political work, and the economies of several countries all around the world. The effects of the Reformation can still be felt in modern times. Stimulated by a devout and renowned German Monk, Martin Luther, this reformation sent shockwaves throughout Europe and played a significantRead MoreThe Spread of Protestantism in the 1500s Essay805 Words   |  4 Pagesin the 1500s During sixteenth century Europe a wave of religious dissatisfaction swept the European continent. There were cries for the restructuring of the Catholic Church. These cries grew into more than just a simple remodeling of the Catholic faith they grew into the Protestant Reformation. Martin Luther is credited for the reformation movement against the Catholic Church that began in 1517. The reformation began because of the corruption in the Catholic Church and the enormous amount

Personal Narrative Future Of Nursing - 1521 Words

Telenursing – Future of Nursing Technology has revolutionized society, including the practice of nursing. Today, nursing implements technology into their practice requiring both nurse practitioners and IT technicians. From desktop computers to portable laptops, smartphones, and tablets, this advancement allows nurses to work out of the office and on-the-go. This includes improving access to quality health care, an objective of the Healthy People 2020. (The Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, 2015) This objective involves many health communication and health IT that can create a positive impact on health and health care team, including the option for nurses to provide and help patients virtually with telehealth. It’s called telenursing. As a home care nurse, I am trained to use my clinical experience and direct physical assessments to make a nursing diagnosis and nursing care plan for my patients. Telenursing has completely changed the concept of communication between nurse and patient. It no longer requires face-to-face in person as it can be virtually done, this includes consulting, educating, and monitoring a patient’s clinical status remotely. As a nurse, I must consider all aspects of this new job before I change my line of duty. In order to understand this concept better more information on telehealth and nursing is needed. Therefore, I investigated further. Telehealth is the use of electronic information and telecommunications technologies to supportShow MoreRelated Nurse Empowerment Essay1660 Words   |  7 PagesThe purpose of this paper is to write a narrative about an experience as a student nurse practicing in a clinical setting where we felt oppressed due to class, race, cultural or gender biases. This narrative will be analyzed using relevant concepts in the literature. Narrative My experience happened when I was in second year nursing. We are just starting our clinical rotations in KGH. At that time, our instructors assigned us one patient to do our nursing care. The goals for the day are to doRead MoreConcept Analysis Of Coping Within Arthur Frank s Novel Using The Transactional Theory Essay1277 Words   |  6 PagesTheoretical framework It was not until the 1970s, whereby coping became a process, by which several theorists focused their research on how coping was linked to distinct outcomes (Frydenberg, 2014). These theorists focused their research primarily on how personal characteristics were antecedents of coping, evaluated how individuals coped to varied instances, and the attributes of the stressful circumstances people experienced. For instance, as a quiet person from childhood through adolescence, I coped toRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography On My Learning And Growth As A Nursing Student Essay1279 Words   |  6 PagesAnnotated Bibliography to Enhance My Learning and Growth as a Nursing Student The following paper is an annotated bibliography containing three articles found in peer reviewed journals related to the practice of nursing. After first evaluating key points of each article, I will reflect upon them to assist me in enhancing my practice as a beginner nurse. Grealish, L., Ranse, K. (2009). An exploratory study of first year nursing students’ learning in the clinical workplace. ContemporaryRead MoreI Am Pursuing Bsn From Empire State College994 Words   |  4 Pagesand what I will be studying Goals in Pursuing the Bachelor of Science in Nursing I have an Associate Degree in nursing from Queensborough Community College. I had a Bachelor in Environmental Engineering already and I was looking for the fastest and most inexpensive way to become a nurse when I started the nursing program at Queensborough Community College. When I graduated from the nursing school, I thought that ADN would be enough to be a nurse and I could start working as soonRead MoreA Personal Philosophy Of Education Essay1164 Words   |  5 PagesA Personal Philosophy of Education Introduction â€Å"Being reflective involves thinking about what one is doing, and why, before, during, and after the act of doing it (Sweitzer, 2003 p.264). I believe self-knowledge of the professor is critical for meaningful learning to occur. Self-knowledge through reflection allows the professor to embrace teaching through the eyes of a scholar; thus providing a diverse learning environment supporting engagement and motivation of the learner. This paper describesRead MoreEssay1461 Words   |  6 Pagesrepresent themselves on their study abroad websites. Through a close study of language, it is possible to not only describe and interpret narratives, but also explain the formation of identity within these institutional websites (Fairclough, 2013). The analysis focuses on three forms of narrative: structured interviews, personal narratives, and visual narratives. Through comparison, this study describes linguistic features of the text framed on the websites of four universities and interpr et the factorsRead MoreInterview With A Nurse Aide960 Words   |  4 Pagesnurses by joking with them and telling them that they only got a few hours left for them before they can go home and relax. After explaining the purpose of my interview, I was finally able to conduct personal interviews the nurses. I was always well aware how writing was a major component of nursing duties and being nurse assistant enhanced my knowledge about the type of communication platform nurses and also I used my experience in working with nurses to help me come up questions to ask the nursesRead MoreReviewing The Ethics Of Nursing1711 Words   |  7 Pages Reviewing the Ethics of Nursing In this paper I will explore an ethical dilemma that may arise within my nursing practice. I have presented a narrative, from the article â€Å"A Dilemma in the Emergency Room†, that portrays an ethical situation involving patient confidentiality. I will focus on Standard IV: Ethical Practice of the College of Registered Nurses of British (CRNBC) as well as the other (CRNBC) Standards of Practice to further evolve my understandingRead MoreNarrative Writing : High School917 Words   |  4 Pageswriting involved writing the entire piece to perfection in one sitting and then turning it in, I figured that since I received good grades on papers, my writing did not need and would not undergo any improvements. Even with some experience with narrative writing in high school, I completely underestimated the breadth of and the strategies for different rhetorical situations. Lastly, I had little to no willingness to share my papers, my drafts, or even my ideas until I was certain they had been craftedRead MoreNursing1311 Words   |  6 Pagesbehavior is lacking (Dashiff, Riley, Abdullatif amp; Moreland p.304). The significance of this study, to nursing or health care lies in our nursing code of ethics. The code of ethics 2.1 Primacy of the patient’s interest states ‘The nurse’ primary commitment is to the recipient of nursing and health care services-the parent-whether the recipient is an individual, a family a group, or a community. Nursing holds a fundamental commitment to the uniqueness of the individual patient; therefore, any plan of

Decision Making for Professionals - Children - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theDecision Making for Professionals, Children and Parents. Answer: Introduction Decision making is a vital process in daily lives of people including professionals, children, and parents. The outcome consequence of this process is squarely dependable on the mode employed. Information availability and problem framing are the major factors impacting on the process. Decision making is reliant upon several concepts which include anchoring bias, confirmation bias, and availability heuristic, among many others (Sharot, 2011). Before making decisions, managers ought to carefully analyze the situation at hand for the decision-making outcome. This is important to handle possible flaws in the results of the decisions which are often wired in the decision making process. It is critical that the decision maker establishes an environment of friendliness and trust through connecting emotionally and intellectually to the parties involved (Parkin, 2013). Therefore, such measures will enhance the achievement of the desired outcome. Confirmation Bias Leaders seek for information that supports their instincts and positions and despise information that is not consistent with it. Confirmation bias is a concept of decision-making that makes people filter for only information they want and makes decision basing on it. Further, the decision maker will support the result or product but negate any information contradicting it. The concept can also be viewed on the lenses of values and facts in that any data that contradicts the values are ignored, but information that is consistent with it is supported and upheld. Briefly, the concept will solicit for information that supports the existing position of the individual emerging as discriminatory (Frost, Casey, Griffin, Raymundo, Farrell Carrigan, 2015). A scenario of the confirmation bias is the reasoning of the racist or religious group. Racist and people in religion tend to confirm the position taken by their group regardless of the common argument. Example, the Christians will conclude that Muslim religion propagates terrorism through their radical teaching and they will support their position with information available with them (Baack, Dow, Parente Bacon, 2015). The element of confirmation bias in this scenario emerges because the argument is anchored on one's convictions and has a pre-determined conclusion. The conviction level is the measure or evaluation degree for this kind of bias. Further, the individual arguing is interested and seeks for information only consistent with their position rather than being open-minded and analyze and synthesize the whole piece of information (Keltner Lerner, 2010). Some of the strategies to address the confirmation bias include information seeking. In the scenario, religious parties should seek information on the other before making any judgment. Insufficient information brings about confirmation bias in decision-making. Also, a strategy to avoid bias, people avoid being driven by motives and rather consider making decisions basing on the existing facts. In the scenario, the religious groups should seek information on the other, and avoid making reason-driven and resolve to be moved by the prevailing truth. Anchoring Bias Anchoring bias is the practice of arriving at a conclusion based on prior gained information in the process of decision-making. The decision maker consumes the first impression and intelligence giving it misappropriate weight and makes it the pillar of their verdict and direction in any situation (Brunton, Botvinick Brody, 2013). Anchoring can misguide the decision maker by relying on the inadequate and incomplete information. A scenario of anchoring bias is in the business world, where the players tend to overly rely on past trends to predict and plan for the future business activities. Despite the usefulness and importance, this might present to the firm people; they tend to ignore other factors including environmental, political and social factors that might be of consequence to their planning (Bollen, Mao Pepe, 2011). In this scenario, the level of biases can be measured by the extent by which a potential buyer fall into the seller's trap depending on the anchoring concept that they have received. The buyer will base their negotiations on the starting price as indicated on the price sticker a move that will affect their abilities to do an in-depth consultation to achieve the real value for their money. The retailer starting price will dictate their counter-offers which many times tend to have close margins. The buyer is consequently misguided by focusing on one element and thus ending up making errors and mistakes for not considering other factors or variables. Some of the strategies to overcome the bias in this scenario include the willingness of the potential buyer to seek more information before making the purchase decision. First impressions and the information from one source may not be accurate, and thus, there is need to gather more information from a variety of sources, including the personal evaluation of the product or service, and comparing it with the value that they will derive before making the purchase decision. Therefore, this will address and improve the decision outcomes Lelieveld, Dijk Kleef, 2013). Heuristic Bias Decision making is a cognitive process that is affected by several factors known as heuristics. This concept is anchored on memories and lasting impressions on the decision maker's mind. Further, it can skew future decision-making efforts (Hertwig, Hoffrage ABC Research Group, 2013). The availability heuristic is the judgment adopted by an individual basing on a previous experience ingrained in their minds. The decision maker relies on the information that is readily available in their mind ignoring everything else. Examples include post-decision evaluation and problem framing. An individual will overestimate or underestimate the information they receive only to anchor their positions on other information available to them (Sharot, Christoph Dolan, 2011). In an example scenario to depict heuristic bias, people might argue that smoking does not gravely impact on one's health and justify their position by stating that a person they once knew who smoke lived to 100 years. This person's judgment is informed by the memory of information they have concerning a given topic or issue on the discussion. The heuristic bias can be measured or evaluated by the level of knowledge and information that people have over the topic under consideration. Heuristic bias can be effectively handled through strategies where the decision maker carefully examines all of their assumptions to ensure their memory does not unduly influence them. The remembrance level has a significant impact on the degree of heuristic bias. Thus, the people involved need to know the assumptions of their information or memory shortcomings, and this will reduce the biases and the improved process in the scenario (Todd Gigerenzer, 2012). Conclusion In conclusion, unbiased decisions are critical in our daily life. Various decision-making biases affect the reliability of decisions. This biases include heuristic bias, anchoring bias, and the confirmation bias. It is important for people involved in decision-making to understand these forms of bias and take appropriate strategies to manage the bias to increase the reliability and accuracy of the decision-making outcome. References Baack, D., Dow, D., Parente, R. Bacon, D. (2015). The Confirmation bias in the individual-level perceptions of the psychic distance: An experimental investigation. Journal of the International Business Studies, 46(8), 938-959. Bollen, J., Mao, H. Pepe, A. (2011). Modeling public mood and the emotion: Twitter sentiment and socio-economic phenomena. In Proceedings of the Fifth International AAAI Conference on Weblogs and Social Media (ICWSM 2011). Barcelona, Spain Brunton, B., Botvinick, M. Brody, C. (April 2013)."Rats and humans can optimally accumulate evidence for decision-making"Science.340(6128): 9598. Frost, P., Casey, B., Griffin, K., Raymundo, L., Farrell, C. Carrigan, R. (2015). Influence of the Confirmation Bias on Memory and Source Monitoring. Journal of General Psychology, 142(4), 238-252. Hertwig, R., Hoffrage, U. ABC Research Group. (2013). The Simple Heuristics in the social world. New York: Oxford University Press. Keltner, D. Lerner, S. (2010). Emotion. In The handbook of the social psychology, ed. DT Gilbert, ST Fiske, G Lindzey, pp. 317-52. New York, NY: Wiley Lelieveld, G., Dijk, C Kleef, G. (2013). Does communicating disappointment in negotiations help or hurt? Solving an apparent inconsistency in the social-functional approach to the emotions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 105: 605-20 Parkin, A. (2013). Essential Cognitive Psychology. Psychology Press. Sharot, T. (2011).The optimism bias: a tour of an irrationally positive brain(1st ed.). New York:Pantheon Books.ISBN9780307378484. Sharot, T., Christoph, W. Dolan, R. (October 2011)."How unrealistic optimism is maintained in the face of reality." Nature Neuroscience.14(11): 14751479.PMC3204264?.PMID21983684. Todd, P. Gigerenzer, G. (2012). Ecological rationality: Intelligence in the world. New York: Oxford University Press.

The Coriolis effect Essay Example

The Coriolis effect Paper Galileus corrected this view by explaining the path of such a projectile as a parabola, where a continual downward motion acts on the object, that being the pull of gravity. Newton furthered Galileus argument in showing mathematically, that the impetus was not used up, rather gravity restricted the cannons range by altering the shape to that of a parabola. Newton would argue that when sufficient force is given to the shell, the projectile would fall all the way around the Earth, never touching the ground, prescribing an elliptical orbit. But here is a contradiction. The trajectory of a projectile must follow the arc of an ellipse, not that of a parabola. The curve of a parabola is totally different to an ellipse, so, why then, does Science maintain such a basic false belief? Newton did not realise that he copied an error. It is obvious he did not understand the effects of atmospheric drag, cross-winds, tail winds, chemical behaviour, supersonic melting, and the rotation of the Earth, (the Coriolis effect) because these effects were scientific mysteries at that time. Since Newtons time, much has been discovered and alterations made to Newtons theory. But these changes were at great cost. Although new words and definitions clarified Newtons laws, the nineteenth century scientists and mathematicians who resolved Newtons initial mistakes and omissions, feared scientific outrage, for Newton, the legend, grew more powerful in death. Many who although correct and for the correct reasons, attacked The Great Newton, became ostracised by the scientific community. Credit was rarely bestowed on them, leaving them in historys void. We will write a custom essay sample on The Coriolis effect specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Coriolis effect specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Coriolis effect specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer One can pick up virtually any Physics book (this one included) to discover unique translations and understandings of Newtons laws by each author. In Newtons Principia (1726) , the three laws of motion are written as; Law 1. Every body perseveres in its state of rest, or of uniform motion in a right line, unless it is compelled to change that state by force impressed thereon. Law 11. The alteration of motion is ever proportional to the motive force impressed; and is made in the direction of the right line in which that force is impressed. Law 111. To every action there is always opposed an equal reaction; or the mutual actions of two bodies upon each other are always equal, and directed to contrary parts. The second law is perhaps the most changed through translation. There are so many interpretations of this law that the situation becomes rather confusing. The following are three common variations on Newtons theme. The force required to accelerate a body is proportional to the product of its mass and its acceleration. (Various authors)that if an unbalanced force acts upon a body, the body will be accelerated; the magnitude of the acceleration is proportional to the magnitude of the unbalanced force, and in the direction of the acceleration is in the direction of the unbalanced force. (H. Semat) The acceleration caused by one or many forces acting on a body is proportional in magnitude to the resultant of the forces, and parallel to its direction, and is inversely proportional to the mass of the body. (Resnick Halliday) But these translations seem to have different meanings. In the Principia, Newtons words describe this second law with If any force generates a motion, a double force will generate double the motion, a triple force triple the motion, whether that force be impressed altogether and at once, or gradually and successively. And this motion (being always directed the same way with the generating force), if the body moved before, is added to or subducted from the former motion, according as they directly conspire with or are directly contrary to each other; or obliquely joined, when they are oblique, so as to produce a new motion compounded from the determination of both. Newtons second law seems to be in contradiction to his third law, though there is something in the third law which many fail to see. Again, from Newtons Principia, the description of the third law is If a body impinges upon another, and by its force change the motion of the other, that body also (because of the equality of the mutual pressure) will undergo an equal change, in its own motion, towards the contrary part. The changes made by these actions are equal, not in the velocities but in the motion of bodies; that is to say, if the bodies are not hindered by any other impediments. For, because the motions are equally changed, the changes of the velocities made towards contrary parts are reciprocally proportional to the bodies. Both Newton and Galileus noticed that the outcome bore an inverse proportionality to the body (the mass) of the object. Yet, none of the equations involve the square root of the mass, or the mass squared. In mathematics, when two or more variables are proportional, then the mathematics reflects that concern by the use of the symbol ? . Normally, Newton calls equal proportions, equal, but here he does not and none of the translations do. Universally, they must use the word proportional, not equal. The equation written as F = m a, does not state any proportionality, rather the emphatic is bluntly stated using the operand equals. This equation fails to imply proportionality or that the force is directly proportional, or for that matter, that there is a reciprocity in proportions between the components. Should not the equation be written as F ? m a or perhaps, F = m2 a If F = m2 a happens to be true, it would create a disaster in many areas, for it does not answer (at this moment) any questions, rather it would create a million problems. Proving such as true, would mean that the standards and definitions currently accepted by Physics and the other sciences, (those that rely on the accuracy of Newtons equation F = m a ) would need to be replaced and reworked. Newtons laws of motion relate to linear motion, to all motion in a straight line, when such motion is not found, not possible on the Earth. The cosmological planet Earth is turning on its axis in 23 hours 56 minutes 4. 1 seconds, a rotational speed of 0. 0000116057615 rps. This may be slow, but it is rotating, for even Galileos last words And the Earth still moves made this message clear. The rotation on the Sun is much slower for one revolution takes about 28 days, giving a rotational speed of 0. 0000004145 rps. Jupiters rotation is the most rapid of all the planets completing a single rotation in 9 hours 50 minutes, a rotational speed of 0. 0000282485875 rps. The equatorial tip-speed of astronomical objects, even at low rotational speeds can be an awesome number, due to the radius of the object. A galaxy just a thousand light years across, having a circumference of 3,141. 59 light years does not need to rotate very quickly for the tip-speed to present a red-shift approaching light speed. An annual difference in position of a light year would need to equal the distance light travels in that year, so, the galaxy would need to turn just once in 3,141. 59 years, at which point the outer stars and nebulosity would reach light speed. Generally, galaxies rotate very slowly, but this does not make them any different to normal matter, for the Laws of Nature apply across and throughout the Universe. The major forces involved in a galaxy are rotational. Although magnetism and gravity are far less powerful forces, they shape the galaxy, promoting other fantastic effects. The source of cosmological rotational energy can originate from near-miss gravitational interactions, such as when a galactic body of stars is pulled towards a passing galaxy, the gravitational disturbance produces a sling-shot-effect and the distribution of energy causes both galactic bodies to respond to such motion. But to understand a galaxy means understanding rotation. Foucaults gyroscope is the most amazing scientific toy to observe rotational energy. The toy can be purchased from most toy stores, newsagents and educational supply companies for less than $20. The basic gyroscope can be made for less than a dollar from odds and ends, constructed by attaching a small shaft through the centre of a balanced disk. All spinning objects are gyroscopes; a trucks spinning tyre; a spinning thumb tack; a childs top; a motor; the flywheel and the turbine. As a disk is spun at a high rotational speed, several strange events will be noticed, but be careful, basic safety procedures should be observed, for spinning objects have a habit of breaking apart, grabbing hair, causing deep wounds, and racing across the floor, possessing a definite tendency to break the most expensive piece of pottery in the house. Murpheys laws apply. There are many observational illusions that lurk in rotating devices. With the axis vertical, merely placing the stationary gyroscope on the floor, shows the force of gravity, for it falls over. However, when the disk is spun as rapidly as possible, the device defies gravitys pull, standing upright without falling over, yet the spinning disk and its frame have the same weight. The spinning disk may develop a strange wobble, where the top-most point of the axis seems to follow a circular path, but no matter what is done, this precession follows the direction of rotation. This is the precession of the axis. There seems to be no way of making the precession travel in the reverse direction to the rotation. One can shake, vibrate, thump it, flick or attack the frame, without any change to the direction of precession. It could be easy to argue using simple observations to conclude that precession has something to do with the direction of rotation, gravity, or the bearing drag, but this is not so. Turning the spinning gyroscope upside-down or making it spin in the opposite direction, does not alter the direction of precession for it still follows the direction of spin. Most Physics educators fall head-first into the because-it-is-done-this-way trap, because an observational illusion dictates the mathematics and international scientific agreement alters the truth, hiding the mechanism. The method locks the bottom axle bearing to a hypothetical x-y-z coordinate point in relating precession to the force of gravity on the entire structure acting at that point. This is not the true reference point for the gyroscope is not a terrestrially referenced device, yet the terrestrial frame of reference is repeatedly used. The gyroscopes frame of reference is Universal. To prove this, it is necessary to do something so trivial, the feat escapes the attention of the most observant. Simply pick the spinning gyroscope up by the top-most bearing and it is seen to precess in the opposite direction to the spin! Immediately, all gravitational and bearing drag effects have been eliminated. An obvious observational error has introduced a nasty knowledge virus into Science where all observations of the gyroscope use the terrestrial frame of reference. The mathematical explanations of the gyroscope and its precession are illusions with physical manifestations producing complex physical properties! The gyroscope precesses around the gyroscopes axial centre, not the bottom-most bearing or the centre of mass. Mass irregularities between the axial centre and the centre of mass result in several commonly observed gyroscopic effects. If precession were a terrestrial event, then it would present opposite motion in each hemisphere, but then the Earth also precesses so where is the gravity pulling the Earth? Figure 14-1 changes the mathematical explanations in a single blow. Having realised the error, the mechanism must be found. But what happens when two disks are fixed to the same shaft? A train has such wheels, where a steel axle shaft supports a gyroscopic tyre on each end. Effectively, two independent gyroscopes are connected to a common shaft. The direction and speed of both gyroscopes can only be identical, where any differences will result from the mass distribution and balance of the tyres. The axle is connected to the bogie frame supporting each end of the shaft with a bearing. As the two disks rotate together, the left hand gyroscope has a precession clockwise on the left side and anti-clockwise to the right side. The right hand gyroscope is identical, meaning that along the centre shaft, there is a conflict in precession. The left wheel is twisting the shaft anti-clockwise, while the right wheel is twisting the shaft clockwise. At certain speeds, dangerous resonances occur in the shaft as the dual precession twists and strains the shaft. Figure 14-1 Reversing precession The complete bogie mounts two or more independent axle-wheel pairs. As the axles roll on the track, the left side wheels are twisting with a clockwise precession, while the right hand wheels are twisting with an anti-clockwise precession to the outside. Each wheel may be precessing at different rates. Bogie-slap is the term sometimes used to describe this effect, for no matter how well balanced the wheels may be, the bogie will wobble between the rails so erratically, it is to the discomfort of passengers, knocking the tracks apart, which, if not corrected can lead to a derailment. The solution to bogie-slap is to independently support inclined wheels on their own axles (figure 14-2). Figure 14-2 The Method of Correcting the dangerous gyroscopic instabilities in train wheels What happens when one continually flexes a thin wire? Even though the shaft may be 20 cm diameter machined steel, with time it must suffer metal fatigue, a molecular failure. The broken axle is generally attributed to mechanical failure not gyroscopically produced metal fatigue. Figure 14-2 illustrates this effect where the dual gyroscope action causes flexing, bending and distortion of the axle. When a motor is connected to a pulley, it forms the same dual structure with the same inherent twisting and resonance problems. As the motor spins up in speed, the connecting shaft enters regular periods of stability and instability as the twisting forces resonate through the shaft. This effect has nothing to do with gravity! With high speed drink mixers, the motors rotation passes through a speed-up gear system. The drive shaft of the high speed blender, has at one end, a very small gear coupled to a large motor gear. The beauty of this design is that it reduces the dual gyroscope effect, allowing the blender to reach speeds in excess of 10,000 rpm (166. 6 rps). Geologists have a great deal of trouble explaining why the Earths interior is hot. They believe that the internal temperature is related absolutely to the breakdown of atoms through nuclear events, where radioactive decay is the only accepted explanation. If this were the case, evidence should be found to substantiate the claim, like, everyone living near an active volcano should suffer radiation sickness and have mutant children. Radioactive decay need not be the full picture, for the rotating Earth must be considered as a rotating object, not as a static object. Any sphere can be considered as made up of many parallel balanced disk pairs, layer by layer, mounted on the axis. Each pair of disks forms the dual gyroscopic structure where the twisting forces are at loggerheads with each other, causing flexure, heating and stirring in the Earths interior. As long as the Earth turns on its axis, it will remain hot. Once a planet loses it rotation it will rapidly cool and solidify. Such dead non-rotating planets include Venus, Mercury and The Moon. Seismically, these dead planetary objects, when struck would all ring-like-a-bell. Massive dark objects, perhaps greater in size and mass than the Sun, will be found to exist in the Galaxy, as collapsed, non-rotating dead-stars. Such objects would contain normal matter, with normal densities, perhaps with a crust much like the Earth, of silicates and frozen gasses, water, Helium, Hydrogen, and Carbon structures. Gravitational differentiation (settling and separation of different mass molecules) in the cooling stellar mass may lead to critical mass conditions developing unstable shells at particular radial distances within the mass, causing an explosion that may regularly blow the dead-star apart, in many supernova events forming dangerous dark rubble-stars. Effectively, as the Earth is slowing down, it is losing heat ever so slightly. The current rate of slow down may be a second every century, but it is still a slow down. Back when the dinosaurs existed, the Earth would have experienced a much faster rotation. Perhaps, when the primordial Coriolis blob formed the Sun and Earth, the rotation may have been once every eight hours. This leads to a problem, because mankind is attempting to extract electrical power from geothermal sources. The greater the rate that power is removed, the cooler the Earth will become and the greater the rate of slow-down. Rotational energy does not work like gravity. It is not related to the actual or inferred centre of mass. The centre of mass is only a hypothetical point of maximum signal strength used in gravitational-feedback calculations. Nature does not work through calculations, rather she works with cause and effect, selectively evolving through survivors. Over-and-over-again, Nature will try the same experiment, even though failures occur, but one experiment will create a survivor. Many survivors create a colony. The key needed to solve Natures rotational trick is the direction of the axis itself. With any rotating object, a sphere, shell, cube, box, cylinder or, tube, prism or block, the axis must be considered as having no mass. The axle may have a mass, but the axis itself has zero mass. The axis is a hypothetical line joining all positions of zero motion, about which centrifugal forces radiate. Relativity shows there are actually two primary forces involved here, the centripetal force and the centrifugal force. The centripetal force holds matter together and allows energy to be transferred from the axis to the circumference of the object or vice versa. The centrifugal force is the radial spin-out force remaining perpendicular to the axis, from the particular axial height to the circumference at that height in the perpendicular direction. The gyroscope is not defying gravity, rather it is locking onto a fixed universal stationary direction, having a slipping plane direction. Figure 14-3 addresses the attributes of the gyroscope. Figure 14-3 The Gyroscopes forces. One demonstration of this is the nylon fibre lawn edge trimmer, where a single strand of 8 or 10 gauge nylon thread is twirled around a central hub so rapidly that it takes on the resilience of blade steel. Slow motion images of this cord show it to be absolutely taut, at an angle perpendicular to the axis of rotation. Equally, when a thin plastic disk is rotated, even at relatively low speeds, the disk takes on a rigidity perpendicular to the axis. Typical applications of this include the floppy disk drive and CD player. A soft plastic disk when rotated can be used to cut through much harder materials, due to the change in molecular strength. Describe the motion of a spinning woollen pom-pom with respect to the rotation. Across the surface of a rotating disk, the atmosphere is pulled around with the disk to be spun off creating a super high speed wind immediately above the disks surface. So powerful is this molecular wind, it is capable of holding tightly sprung disk-drive heads well apart and away from the surface of the floppy disk. A method of killing a disk drive is to evacuate the disk-head chamber. The same occurs in the hard disk drive (HDA), but rather than having one disk, the computers HDA may have as many as twenty four pancaked disks. The disk drive heads are virtually clamped together, but as the head assembly approaches the disk, the wind opens the heads and blows them apart, holding then at a constant height at that radius. The slower the disk speed (towards the centre), the closer the heads are to the surface. A particle of smoke hitting the head can cause gyroscopic instabilities between the head and the platter resulting in a head crash. This does not normally eventuate, though, when it does, the event is to be remembered, for nothing much remains. Typically, the head crash causes the disk to be cut away near the axis whereupon the disk sheers away. Needless to say, all the data stored on that disk drive is lost. Due to the seek times and storage needed in major mainframe computer installations, removable disk platters were used. Some of these drives spun the 8 plate 30cm diameter platters at speeds above 5,000 rpm ( 83. 3 rps producing a tip speed of some 178. 53 m/s or 282 Km/h). The head crash could cut the disk from the platter in a second. Once airborne, the disk would smash through the protective housing, the casing, flying-off across the computer room to bury itself edge-wise into any distant object, with such an impact force, chemical reactions take place between the disk and the object it entered. These disks do not strike objects, they enter them and form chemical bonds. As the gyroscope spins, it passes through periods of absolute stability, followed by periods of instability. As the disk slows, the precession becomes more and more pronounced. Eventually as the rotation fails, the force of gravity grounds the gyroscope. This effect indicates an atomic and molecular resonance in the gyroscope, where the centrifugal and centripetal forces are continually compensating. A magnetic shock travels along the axis and rebounds, but in the mean time, the disk has rotated. If the reflection point is immediately below or 180 degrees out of phase, stability exists in the gyroscope, however, as the reflection point drifts out of phase, the systems instability increases as the axis is knocked from the vertical position and then precession follows the rotation. The precession may cause the object to violently wobble when the phase shift is 90 degrees. This is a molecular resonance effect and is different between different materials. This is the G-wave, an effect caused by matters elasticity. The effect can be seen and heard during instability where the forces are so great, bearing grab presents a drag force causing maximum axial deviation and the observed precession. As the disk precesses, the bearings are pushed and pulled sideways with greater friction, transferring considerable rotation to the mounting frame. At high speeds the bearing drag pulls the gyroscopes mounting frame around rapidly but as soon as stability returns the frame ceases to be dragged around. With the on-set of stability, the pressure on the bearings is constant and minimal while the energy losses to the mounting frame are minimised. A worst case scenario is called bike-slap. It is a problem that has killed many expert motor bike riders. This is not a rider error, it is a serious motor bike problem. The effect results from numerous design errors in both the design and manufacture of the bike frame. It is a manufacturing fault and as such the manufacturers should be made to pay compensation to the families of those they have murdered and maimed through negligence. There is no justification for an inferior design in the market place, however one often observes the effect during motor bike races (to the amusement of the crowd). Basically, the frame holds the motor and its flywheel (the first gyroscope). As the steering geometry changes at speed, a small displacement in the angle of the front forks caused by a twist in the front wheel (the second gyroscope) to a slightly different angle to the real wheel (the third gyroscope) and the engine. The frame is allowed to flex within reason and within certain tolerances. The frame absorbs and stores the twisting forces as the rider enters a corner with the power on. As the corner is negotiated, the power applied to the back wheel is changed, but then without any warning, the twist forces stored in the frame suddenly release causing the bike to slap to one side, immediately throwing the front and rear wheels sideways, initiating precession at different rates in different respective directions, violently establishing an uncontrollable buckling oscillation in the bike, causing each gyroscope to slip, creating an effect much like sitting on a bucking bull. The rider can be lucky riding this bull and be thrown clear. Then again, one can be thrown under the oncoming traffic, into a curb, or have the bike come crashing down on top of oneself. This is not a pleasant experience and may occur by simply turning a corner at slow speed. Some very interesting effects are noted when the gyroscopes curved steel frame is supported by a moderately strong bar magnet (figure 14-4). An electrical eddy current flows in the spinning disk, effectively holding the gyroscope against the precession forces. To walk the square pole piece of the magnet into a different supporting position, (without touching the frame with the hands) is quite difficult. The bearings apply changing forces on the spinning mass, causing the axis to precess differently. One can hear the bearings grab as the axis attempts to remain pointing in the same direction. The energy transfer from the frame to the disk and back to the frame causes sudden and rapid axial direction changes. Moving the support position towards the axis reverses the precession while moving the support from the axis to the circumference produces a normal but temporary precession. In each case, the precession is sudden, and locks to a new direction. But there is more. Figure 14-4 Hanging the Gyroscope When the bar magnet is hung from 35 cm of string or wire, so that the magnet is vertical and away from any nearby obstruction, just hanging in space, the gyroscopes precession oscillates, due to the interaction between the magnet, the Earths rotation and magnetic field as well as the support position changes taking place. A small 1. 5 cm steel ball bearing placed in the magnetic circuit between the pole piece and the support housing removes the support position component caused by the square face of the magnet. With this change, normal precession is still resisted, giving a wobble until the disk starts to slow down. A great deal of bearing grab is heard as the gyroscope twists the string. With the axis slipping to the vertical, a great deal of vibration will be seen in the string. When prevented from slipping, the vibration in the string becomes pronounced. This stored twist force does not release until the rotation virtually ceases. The Gaxis seems to favour coming to rest pointing more vertically in the East-West direction. A well known childs toy, called the topsy-turvey-top, establishes a scientific problem of the first order. This has been addressed in several outstanding scientific papers. Basically, the top is weighted differently so that when spun between the fingers, it lands on the surface on its point, as do most other tops, but then completely does a back-flip to spin in the opposite direction, without any loss of rotational speed, balancing on the tops top point with stability. This is not really balancing as such. This is a demonstration of the conflict between rotational energy and gravity. How is the direction reversed? To change the direction of a gyroscope involves overcoming the centrifugal forces holding the axis in place. Once sufficient force is obtained, the axis can be made to move, to slip or yaw, rolling over so that the rotation of the axis is in the opposite direction, so any precession reverses, being relative to the direction of motion around the axis. For a locomotive pulling a train, travelling on a single track to change direction, requires slowing down, stopping completely and then pushing the train in the opposite direction. The same happens when a ball strikes a wall. Particle reflection takes a great deal of time and uses considerable energy to reverse the direction. However, the train may travel.

Secret Banking Elite Rules Trading In Derivatives Case Study

Secret Banking Elite Rules Trading In Derivatives Case Study Secret Banking Elite Rules Trading In Derivatives – Case Study Example Derivatives market There are various options in this case: Auditing of the books of the derivative traders should be doneso as to reveal how much they are earning from the trade. This will help influence the other players like those who need to trade with the dealers for derivatives to consider their position. This position will be either to trade in the derivatives or not. Banks and other institutions that want to join in the market should lobby for them to be able to operate in the market and hence loosen the reins of the trade from a few hands. This will make sure that other competitors enter the market hence promoting transparency.A transparent market like that of stocks and shares should be established through an intervention with the government so as to make sure that people are not exploited and that the trade does not remain within few hands that are not honest with their dealings. This can be done through the trade commission and the Department of Justice. This will make a s ecret trade exposed, and rules played in a legal manner. Firms should start trading in derivative markets despite the opposition that is faced from the secret group. With the help of the government and other state trade regulators, they can ensure their success and dominance in the field and even provide competition to the secret firms. With this competition, exploitation of people is bound to stop.All the alternatives above can be done jointly as the market is hard to penetrate and it is prone to unfair dealings as it is worth a lot of money to a few people who mean to protect it at all costs.ReferencesMiller, M. H. (1997). Merton Miller on derivatives. New York: Wiley.

The Purpose of a Resume - Resume Tips for Recent Graduates

The Purpose of a Resume - Resume Tips for Recent Graduates This article was originally posted at New Grad Life. A common misconception about resumes is that they are meant to describe what you did in your past jobs. In actuality, the most effective resumes are written from a FUTURE perspective. In other words, your resume will work if you think about what a potential employer would want to know about how you WILL perform. What experience do you have that will make you a contribution to their firm or organization? Photo by Ed Brambley, CC-BY-SA 2.0 If you are writing a resume from the perspective of the FUTURE, here’s what will happen: 1. Measurable Results. You will write detailed bullets that demonstrate your capability to achieve measurable results. That means: include numbers as often as possible. Don’t just say you tutored students; say how many and by how much their grades improved. Don’t say you were successful; tell us exactly what results you achieved. Don’t just say â€Å"increased;† tell us by what percentage. Your readers will imply that you can produce similar results for them. 2. Finding Relevance. You will think about the purpose and priority of each item on your resume. Does it matter that you worked as a bartender if you are now applying for marketing positions? Maybe, if you you were a student working 20 hours/week and still maintained a 3.8 GPA, or if you were the highest-tipped bartender at the establishment. Additionally, bartending demonstrates your ability to multitask and interact with a wide variety of people. But it does not need to take up three lines on your resume, just because it’s what you did; you can make it a short bullet under your â€Å"Education† section to show you were doing it while in school full time. 3. Deleting Irrelevant Items. You will delete anything that is irrelevant or of minimal importance to your future. These things include stuff you did in high school. High school activities are no longer relevant – you had 4 years of college to become who you are now, and if you did less in college than you did in high school, looking into the future, the logical conclusion is that you will do less and less as time goes on. Let us help you look your best on your resume and in all your writing. The Essay Expert provides writing help with LinkedIn profiles, resumes, cover letters, and other writing projects.

Saguaro Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Saguaro - Essay Example They may even be familiar with a more detailed view that would include the fluted way in which this column rises from the ground, the thick, waxy texture of its skin or the sharp, fingernail-like points of its spines. What they may not realize is the extreme nature of the world in which this particular plant lives and how uniquely suited it is for just this type of world. The saguaro has many unique characteristics that make it a perfect icon for survival in the harsh landscape of the Arizona desert. Getting as large as two feet in diameter and 30 feet tall, it is perhaps surprising to a media-educated audience to discover that the saguaro only grows on desert slopes and flats in primarily Arizona and that it actually seems to prefer a rocky environment. According to DesertUSA (â€Å"Saguaro Cactus†, 1996), the cactus â€Å"is supported by a tap root that is only a pad about 3 feet long, as well as numerous stout roots no deeper than a foot, emanating radially from its base. More smaller roots run radially to a distance equal to the height of the saguaro. These roots wrap about rocks providing adequate anchorage from winds across the rocky bajadas.† These shallow roots enable the cactus to absorb scant rainwater from a larger area before it has had a chance to evaporate or sink beyond reach – â€Å"a mature plant may soak up as much as 200 gallons of water during a storm† (Epple, 1995). The fluted nature of the columns is also developed to help collec t more water as these sections expand to allow the plant to absorb water during the wet season and shrink like an accordion to reduce moisture loss and provide some cooling in dry times. The cactus also grows very slowly, living for as long as 200 years. This, coupled with the supporting structure of the plant itself provides biologists with a chance to study climate change. This also allows the plant to flower each year. The flowers are about three inches wide and have creamy white petals that surround a

Stress Differences between Rita Dove's Grape Sherbet and Jim Daniels Essay

Stress Differences between Rita Dove's Grape Sherbet and Jim Daniels My Father Worked Late - Essay Example Contrasting Rita Doves â€Å"Grape Sherbet† and Jim Daniel’s â€Å"My Father Worked Late† Rita Doves â€Å"Grape Sherbet† speaks about the memories of a father. The narrator together with their siblings spends time with the father who offers them grape sherbet. Later on, the narrator and the siblings learn that their father had taken them to a grave yard. The motive is to make the children learn to associate memories with positive experiences as opposed to mourning. The children quickly learn the importance of the day. Jim Daniels â€Å"My Father Worked Late† lays emphasis on the dilemma of a working father. The father who is the sole provider of the family had to put some extra effort and cope with stress to support his family. The working father utilizes most of his time to ensure that the family is catered for. He ends up spending little time with the family. The most dominant play of polarity is the narrators who give the memories of their childhood and fathers. The father in â€Å"Grape Sherbet† spends time and involves the children when conducting a memorial day at a graveyard. On the other hand, the father in â€Å"My Father Worked Late† utilizes most of his time at work to ensure that he provides for the family. The subject matter â€Å"Grape Sherbet† is about memorial. The narrator’s family holds a memorial where the father is participating. The children learn that the memorial is for the dead and the reality of life and death dawns to them. The subject matter in â€Å"My Father Worked Late† is a working father who works tirelessly for the family. He becomes overwhelmed by the work and has limited time to be with the children. He is stressed and sometimes causes tension in the family. The narrator in â€Å"Grape Sherbet† wants to highlight the importance of a memorial. Using the young children in the poem enables them to make known the reality of life and death. Children do not understand what death is. The poet may be implying that, creating memories enables those who are gone to live. The narrator in â€Å"My Father Worked Late† wants to recognize the effort of the hardworking father. He works late to support the family. Work is stressful and tiring, y et the acceptable behavior requires the father to provide for the family. The setting for â€Å"Grape Sherbet† is on Memorial Day while the setting for â€Å"My Father Worked Late† is on a regular working day in a rural setting. In â€Å"Grape Sherbet† there is a celebratory atmosphere where there is cooking and feasting in the occasion â€Å"The day? Memorial after the grill†¦ we cheer† (Righeto 54). The setting talks about a single day. The setting in â€Å"My Father Worked Late† narrates of the encounters of a hardworking father. The narrators capture experiences from many days (Daniels 5). In â€Å"Grape Sherbet† the role of a father as the source of affection and love for the children is revealed. The father spends time with the family on the Memorial Day. The children gallop in the graveyard in play. In â€Å"My Father Worked Late† the father is to provide the family with basic necessity and not to provide love. The father becomes detached from the family as a result of demanding work. The father shows distress from his work and becomes unfriendly to the family. Children rarely get affection from their father. The father’

School and Communities Essay Example for Free

School and Communities Essay A school leader guides a student for such a brief moment, but is one of the connections that contribute to a student being successful and allowing for the student to transition easily in the learning environment? According to the recommended readings there is a correlation between the student’s home, community, and the school that facilitates the student’s transitions into and throughout the school system, leading to an environment that supports student success. There are several major transitions starting with kindergarten and progressing to the middle school level, and then onto high school. Each transitional time is critical and requires additional support to continue and to achieve academically. Based on my review of various articles, the following topics are promising directions that have emerged as areas that will make the connection powerful and successful. Family involvement during Kindergarten preparation is essential for young students to achieve to their potential. The importance of being prepared academically for school, and its implications for parents, has been the subject of extensive research and attention. One recent study suggests that fostering parent support and  parent learning about Kindergarten readiness can help ensure that children are adequately prepared to start school (Starkey Klein, 2000; Perroncel, 2000). In my readings it was suggested that a network of social connections that support children and families during the Kindergarten transition are needed, including interactions between teachers and children, children and peers, parents and teachers, and preschool teachers and Kindergarten teachers. While there is an increased amount of evidence about the elements that support Kindergarten readiness, there is also a need to better integrate the early childhood development literature to  fully understand the connections that make a difference and allow the student to be successful. For example, Fantuzzo et al. (2000) conducted a study to assess parent involvement for children in day care, Head Start, and Kindergarten. Studies such as this can begin to build understanding of how parent involvement changes from pre-school to Kindergarten. Future research can also build our understanding of the specific types of family and community connections that provide a strong support network for children, particularly those who come from disadvantaged backgrounds, as they prepare to enter Kindergarten. STUDENT TRANSITION THROUGH EDUCATION LEVELS 3 Despite the continued occurrence of the myth that family and community connections are primarily important at the elementary school level, researchers have begun exploring the effects of school, family, and community connections during transitions to middle and high school as well. Gutman and Midgley (2000) found that during the transition from the elementary level to the middle school level, both school factors and family factors were important to support academic achievement in African American students. Another study found that, contrary to popular belief, middle and high school students do want their parents to be involved, especially in terms of homework help and other home-based types of support and involvement (Catsambis Garland, 1997). This study found that parent involvement does not decline, as expected, but rather shifts as students move into middle and high school. Although they continued to be involved, parents reported increasing dissatisfaction with their role in relationship to the school, especially involving school policy (Catsambis Garland). These results confirm the importance of continued exploration of needs that students have during the transition to middle school and to high school, and roles that families play in supporting these transitions. The impact of school outreach is an important finding. School outreach and invitations to families and community members have a significant impact on the level and quality of family and community connections. In at least three studies, it has been found to have a greater impact than family characteristics on previous student academic achievement (Van Voorhis, 2000; Simon, 2000; Chrispeels Rivero, 2000). Simon found that when schools reach out, and families and community members feel that the school is extending invitations at a personal level, they respond with higher attendance at school-based activities and better quality of family involvement at home. The unique role that schools play in initiating and setting the tone for connections with families and the community cannot be denied. Researchers have also suggested that more research is needed regards to what motivates individual school staff members to reach out to parents and community and how  school staff can be further motivated and supported in building these relationships. STUDENT TRANSITION THROUGH EDUCATION LEVELS 4 There is a growing understanding of the role that relationships between staff in schools and community organizations play in the development of successful collaborations between school and communities. Jehlet al. (2001) suggests that there are â€Å"sticking points,† in organizational cultures and values that can hinder school-community connections. They suggest that these sticking points must be understood and addressed in order to build effective partnerships. These disconnects can be exacerbated by the lack of personal relationships that build trust and understanding between school and community staff (Center for Mental Health in Schools, 1999a). It is clear that family, school, and community connections can benefit children from before the time they enter Kindergarten until after they graduate from high school. Our charge in the educational field of study is to come together to address the issues highlighted in this synthesis paper and to clarify the concept and outcomes of family and community connections with schools. In doing so we will better understand these connections and create the knowledge needed to realize the potential of family, school, and community connections for student learning and student’s success. STUDENT TRANSITION THROUGH EDUCATION LEVELS 5 References Catsambis, S. , Garland, J. E. (1997). Parental involvement in students education during middle school and high school (CRESPAR Report 18). Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University. ED423328. http://www. csos. jhu. edu/crespar/Reports/report18entire. htm Center for Mental Health in Schools. (1999a). Expanding educational reform to address barriers to learning: Restructuring student support services and enhancing school community partnerships. Los Angeles, CA: Center for Mental Health in Schools. http://smhp. psych. ucla. edu/pdfdocs/Report/Expand. pdf Fantuzzo, J. , Tighe, E. , Childs, S. (2000). Family involvement questionnaire: A multivariate assessment of family participation in early childhood education. Journal of Educational Psychology, 92(2), 367-375. Gutman, L. M. , Midgley, C. (2000). The role of protective factors in supporting the academic achievement of poor African American students during the middle school transition. Journal of Youth and  Adolescence, 29(2), 223-249. Jehl, J. , Blank, M. J. , McCloud, B. (2001). Education and community building: Connecting two worlds. Washington, DC: Institute for Educational Leadership, Inc. http://www. communityschools. org/combuild. pdf Starkey, P. , Klein, A. (2000). Fostering parental support for children’s mathematical development: An intervention with Head Start families. Early Education and Development, 11(5), 659-680. Van Voorhis, F. L. (2000). The effects of interactive (TIPS) homework on family involvement and science achievement of middle grade students. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, University of Florida.

robots &machines for the Empire :: essays research papers

ROBOTS & MACHINES FOR THE EMPIRE THE GEORGE LUCAS NIGHTMARE! Coming very soon to a theater of war near you, your family and your home, will be the machines and robots which will greatly magnify and make more mobile the State’s deadly force for deployment against its eternal enemy: the people. Government Executive Magazine, traditionally pro-federal government, includes an article in its April 15th issue entitled "Future Combat Zone." Staff correspondent George Cahlink begins his article, "Six years ago, the Army decided to stake its future on an untested approach to acquiring futuristic weapons in support of a grand theory about the nature of 21st century warfare. The resulting program, known as Future Combat Systems, has turned out to be the most expensive and complex program procurement effort in Army history. According to current estimates, the service will spend well in excess of $100 billion by 2014 to develop the ‘system of systems,’ which includes manned and unmanned air and ground vehicles and sensors tied together by a wireless network." [Emphasis mine.] "Untested approach?" "Futuristic?" "Grand theory?" It doesn’t sound very supportive of our nation state’s latest high-tech investments consistently touted as absolutely necessary for our defense in an increasingly technologically hostile world. The Army’s Future Combat Systems program was recently examined against the backdrop of totally uncontrolled federal spending, which long ago has left the State’s fiscal launching pad roaring skywards both in defiance of gravity and any modicum of budgetary restraints. Tim Weiner in his NY Times article of March 28th offers, "The Army’s plan to transform itself into a futuristic high-technology force has become so expensive that some of the military’s strongest supporters in Congress are questioning the program’s costs and complexity." The article, "An Army Program to Build a High-Tech Force Hits Cost Snags," goes on, "Army officials said†¦that the first phase of the program†¦could run to $145 billion. Paul Boyce, an Army spokesman, said the ‘technological bridge to the future’ would equip 15 brigades of roughly 3,000 soldiers, or about one-third of the force the Army plans to field, over a 20-year span." The "grand theory" Cahlink explains, is "[t]he Army’s bid for unprecedented speed and killing power require[ing] double the amount of computer code than is contained in the Joint Strike Fighter’s systems, rely[ing] on 53 new technologies and require[ing] more than 100 network interfaces." The "wireless network" Cahlink mentions is described by Weiner as the "Joint Tactical Radio Systems," known as JTRS [pronounced ‘jitters’].

Natural human caused Disasters Essay

1. The rig’s malfunctioning blowouts preventer ultimately failed, but it was needed only because of human errors. Those errors originated with a team of BP engineers in Houston, such as 1. Fewer barriers to gas flow 2. Fewer centralizers to keep cement even 3. No bond log to check cement integrity 4. Pressure test misinterpreted 5. Mud barrier removed early 6. Blowouts preventer failed. 2. In the months following the Gulf oil disaster, wildlife managers, rescue crews scientists and researchers saw many immediate impacts of the oil impacting wildlife. Oil coated birds’ feathers, causing birds to lose their buoyancy and the ability to regulate body temperature. Mammals ingested oil causing internal bleeding, sea turtles covered in oil, dead and dying sea coral. 3. Many humans experienced respiratory problems he developed during the cleanup of the BP oil spill. People can be exposed to the chemicals in oil by breathing them, by swallowing them, or by touching them. Previous studies show consistent evidence of acute toxic effects, mainly neurological, ocular, and respiratory, of those living in exposed communities and among clean-up workers. 4. BP’s stock fell by 52% in 50 days on the New York Stock Exchange, BP gas stations in the United States, the majority of which the company does not own, reported sales off between 10 and 40% due to backlash against the company. On 5 July 2010, BP reported that its own expenditures on the oil spill had reached $3.12 billion, including the cost of the spill response, containment, relief well drilling, grants to the Gulf states, claims paid, and federal costs. Due to the loss of the market value, BP had dropped from the second to the fourth largest of the four major oil companies by 2013 5. It was a massive spilling the Gulf of Mexico, the largest offshore spill in U.S. history. It was a result of the well blowouts that began with the Deepwater Horizon drilling rig explosion on April 20, 2010, At 9:56 pm, Gas, oil and concrete from the Deepwater Horizon explode up the wellbore onto the deck and then catches fire. The explosion kills 11 platform workers and injured 17 others; another 98 people survive without serious physical injury 6. A massive response ensued to protect beaches, wetlands and estuaries from the spreading oil  utilizing skimmer ships, 7. BP LLP owned the well that blew up, Transocean Ltd owned the rig, and Halliburton Co. conducted the key tests right before the event. 8. Victims of oil spills have few methods available to them for receiving monetary compensation. To recover from any financial losses sustained due to the BP oil spill in 2010 their options are 1) an individual law suit in civil court, 2) a class-action law suit in civil court, or 3) the court approved settlement. BP created a compensation fund, Therefore a $20 billion fund was agreed upon for the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill. 9. Senator Charles Schumer responded to the continuing Gulf oil leak by proposing new legislative action that would raise the liability BP could face for the disaster 1. 10. In the BP Oil Spill, more than 200 million gallons of crude oil was pumped into the Gulf of Mexico for a total of 87 days, making it the biggest oil spill in U.S. history. Causing it to be a very large geographic issue because of the gallons of oil that were pumped into our ocean.

Deception in “Twelfth Night” Essay

In William Shakespeare’s comedic play, â€Å"Twelfth Night†, a recurring theme is deception. The characters in the play used deception for a variety of purposes. Viola’s use of deception involves her disguising herself as a man in order to obtain a job with the Duke of Illyria, Orsino. On the other hand, Maria, Olivia’s servant, writes a letter to Malvolio in Olivia’s handwriting to make Malvolio act foolishly because of his love for Olivia. While some use deception as a means of survival, others use deception to trick others and make them act foolishly. The first example of deception in this play was when Viola decides to disguise herself as a man. Viola barely escapes a shipwreck along with her twin brother Sebastian. Separated in this terrible disaster each twin believes the other has died in the wreck. The captain of the shipwrecked vessel advises Viola to go and find a job with the Duke Orsino since she has no family or way to support herself. Viola must disguise herself as a man in order to get a job and survive. â€Å"For such disguise as haply shall become / The form of my intent. I’ll serve this duke. / Thou shalt present me as an eunuch to him. / It may be worth thy pains, for I can sing, / And speak to him in many sorts of music / That will allow me very worth his service† (1.2 lines 50-55). Viola, under the name Cesario, receives the job with Orsino at his house. Viola as Cesario becomes a messenger for Orsino. Viola carries love letters to Orsino’s love Olivia who wouldn’t accept the letters until Viola brought them to her. Viola later realizes that Olivia is in love with her as Cesario and also that she herself is in love with Orsino and that Orsino is still in love with Olivia. At a loss within the situation, Viola doesn’t know what to do about the mess she has created. She feels pity for Olivia and herself with the statement â€Å"Poor lady, she were better love a dream† (2.2. 25)! Viola’s use of deception causes a cross gender love triangle with which she can not deal. Another example of deception is when Maria, Olivia’s servant writes a letter to Malvolio, Olivia’s head servant and Maria’s coworker. Maria deceives Malvolio by writing in Olivia’s handwriting. In the letter she says that Olivia loves men in yellow stockings. â€Å"Remember who commended thy yellow stockings, and wished to see thee ever cross-gartered† (2.5. 143-145). Maria  knows that Malvolio will follow this ridiculous deed because of this love for his lady Olivia. Sir Toby Belch says, â€Å"He shall think by the letters that thou wilt drop that they come from my niece, and that she’s in love with him† (2.3. 154-156). Maria places the letter in her garden where Malvolio will definitely find it. Thinking Olivia will fall in love with him because of his clothing, Malvolio dress up in yellow stockings and goes to see Olivia. When Olivia sees Malvolio and the way he is acting, she isolates him for fear that he is insane. Shakespeare’s use of cross dressing and deceitfulness extends beyond the actual writings in the plays and goes onto the stage. Women were not allowed to perform on stage in Shakespeare’s time. â€Å"†¦all the great women’s roles in Elizabethan and Jacobean plays, from Juliet and Lady Macbeth to the duchess of Malfi, were written to be performed by trained adolescent boys† (Norton 1043). These adolescent boys were very convincing women on stage, possibly because of their smaller build and higher-pitched tone of voice. The role of Viola in Twelfth Night was particularly difficult. â€Å"The comedy depends upon an actor’s ability to transform himself, through costume, voice and gesture, into a young noblewoman, Viola, who transforms herself, through costume, voice and gesture, into a young man, Cesario† (Norton 1043). Shakespeare used deception throughout this writing and some others but also in reality through the performances of the plays. Even from the beginning of time with Adam, Eve and the serpent, deception has been used. Everyone has tried to deceive someone in their lifetime whether it be through a Halloween costume or to make yourself appear better. Deception is used for a variety of reasons today just as in the play. Some people are forced to use deception as a necessity while others find humor and entertainment in it. Whatever the motive, deception will continue to be a recurring them in all mankind; one with which we can all identify.

Serial Killer and Baby Killer, Janie Lou Gibbs

Serial Killer and Baby Killer, Janie Lou Gibbs Janie Lou Gibbs murdered her husband, three children, and a grandson by poisoning them with arsenic so she could collect on the life insurance policies she had on each victim. Good Home Cooking Janie Lou Gibbs, from Cordele Georgia, was a devoted wife and mother who spent much of her free time giving to her church. In 1965, her husband, Marvin Gibbs died suddenly at home after enjoying one of Janies good home cooked meals. Doctors concluded an undiagnosed liver disease caused his death. An Act of Giving The show of sympathy to Janie Lou and her three children from the church was overwhelming. So much so, that Ms. Gibbs decided to give part of Marvins life insurance money to the church to show her appreciation for their stellar support. Marvin, Jr. With Marvin gone, Gibbs and her children pulled together but within a year tragedy struck again. Marvin, Jr. age 13 seemed to have inherited his fathers liver disease and after collapsing with severe cramps, he too died. Again, the church community came to support Gibbs through the painful death of her young son. Janie, overwhelmed with appreciation gave a portion of Marvin, Jr.s life insurance payment to the congregation. A Family Plagued How so much could go wrong with one family was hard to understand, but one could not help to admire Gibbs inner strength especially when just a few months later, 16-year-old Lester Gibbs began complaining of dizziness, headaches and severe cramping. He died before ever getting to the hospital. Doctors decided the cause of death was hepatitis. To Give Is To Receive With disbelief but with the usual sympathy and support, the church helped Gibbs through her terrible loss. Gibbs, now broken hearted with all that she had to endure in two years, knew she could never have made it without the support of the church, and again, offered a portion of young Lesters life insurance payment to them to help show her undying gratitude. Grandmother Janie Her last and oldest son, Roger, was married and the birth of his son, Raymond seemed to lift Janie out of despair. However, within a month both Roger and his perfectly healthy newborn son were dead. This time the attending physician asked for an investigation into the deaths. When the tests came back showing that Roger and Raymond had been given arsenic poisoning, Gibbs was arrested. Goodbye Janie Janie Lou Gibbs was found guilty of poisoning her family May 9, 1976, and received a life sentence for each of the five murders she committed. In 1999, at age 66, she received a medical release from prison because she was suffering from the advanced stages of Parkinsons disease. Source Murder Most Rare The Female Serial Killer by Michael D. Kelleher and C.L. Kelleher Schechter, Harold. The A to Z Encyclopedia of Serial Killers. Paperback, Revised, Updated edition, Gallery Books, July 4, 2006. Deadly Women - Discovery Channelï » ¿

The Assassination of Malcolm X

The Assassination of Malcolm X After spending a year as a hunted man, Malcolm X was shot and killed during a meeting of the Organization of Afro-American Unity (OAAU) at the Audubon Ballroom in Harlem, New York, on February 21, 1965. The assailants, at least three in number, were members of the black Muslim group the Nation of Islam, the group with which Malcolm X had been a prominent minister for ten years before he split with them in March 1964. Exactly who shot Malcolm X has been hotly debated over the decades. One man, Talmage Hayer, was arrested at the scene and was definitely a shooter. Two other men were arrested and sentenced but were most likely wrongly accused. The confusion over the identity of the shooters compounds the question of why Malcolm X was assassinated and has led to a wide range of conspiracy theories. Becoming Malcolm X Malcolm X was born Malcolm Little in 1925. After his father was brutally murdered, his home life unraveled and he was soon selling drugs and involved in petty crimes. In 1946, 20-year-old Malcolm X was arrested and sentenced to ten years in prison. It was in prison that Malcolm X learned about the Nation of Islam (NOI) and began writing daily letters to the NOI’s leader, Elijah Muhammad, known as the â€Å"Messenger of Allah.† Malcolm X, the name he acquired from the NOI, was released from prison in 1952. He quickly rose up the ranks of the NOI, becoming the minister of the large Temple Number Seven in Harlem. For ten years, Malcolm X remained a prominent, outspoken member of the NOI, creating controversy across the nation with his rhetoric. However, the close ties between Malcolm X and Muhammad began to whither in 1963. Breaking With the NOI Tensions quickly escalated between Malcolm X and Muhammad, with the final rift occurring on December 4, 1963. The entire nation was mourning the recent death of President John F. Kennedy when Malcolm X publicly made the uncouth remark that JFK’s death was as â€Å"chickens coming home to roost.† In response, Muhammad ordered Malcolm X to be suspended from the NOI for 90 days. After the end of the suspension, on March 8, 1964, Malcolm X formally left the NOI. Malcolm X had become disillusioned with the NOI and so after he left, he created his own black Muslim group, the Organization of Afro-American Unity (OAAU). Muhammad and the rest of the NOI brothers were not pleased that Malcolm X had created what they viewed as a competing organization- an organization that could potentially pull a large group of members away from the NOI. Malcolm X also had been a trusted member of the inner circle of the NOI and knew many secrets that could potentially destroy the NOI if revealed to the public. All of this made Malcolm X a dangerous man. To discredit Malcolm X, Muhammad and the NOI began a smear campaign against Malcolm X, calling him the â€Å"chief hypocrite.† To defend himself, Malcolm X revealed information about Muhammad’s infidelities with six of his secretaries, with whom he had illegitimate children. Malcolm X had hoped this revelation would make the NOI back off; instead, it just made him seem even more dangerous. A Hunted Man Articles in the NOI’s newspaper, Muhammad Speaks, became increasingly vicious. In December 1964, one article got very close to calling for Malcolm X’s assassination, Only those who wish to be led to hell, or to their doom, will follow Malcolm. The die is set, and Malcolm shall not escape, especially after such evil, foolish talk about his benefactor [Elijah Muhammad] in trying to rob him of the divine glory which Allah has bestowed upon him. Such a man as Malcolm is worthy of death, and would have met with death if it had not been for Muhammad’s confidence in Allah for victory over the enemies. Many members of the NOI believed the message was clear: Malcolm X had to be killed. During the year after Malcolm X had left the NOI, there had been several assassination attempts on his life, in New York, Boston, Chicago, and Los Angeles. On February 14, 1965, just a week before his assassination, unknown assailants firebombed Malcolm X’s house while he and his family were asleep inside. Luckily, all were able to escape unharmed. These attacks made it obvious- Malcolm X was a hunted man. It was wearing him down. As he told Alex Haley just days before his assassination, â€Å"Haley, my nerves are shot, my brain’s tired.† The Assassination On the morning of Sunday, February 21, 1965, Malcolm X woke up in his 12th-floor hotel room at the Hilton Hotel in New York. Around 1 p.m., he checked out of the hotel and headed for the Audubon Ballroom, where he was to speak at a meeting of his OAAU. He parked his blue Oldsmobile nearly 20 blocks away, which seems surprising for someone who was being hunted. When he arrived at the Audubon Ballroom, he headed backstage. He was stressed and it was beginning to show. He lashed out at several people, shouting angrily. This was very out of character for him. When the OAAU meeting was to start, Benjamin Goodman went out on stage to speak first. He was to speak for about a half an hour, warming up the crowd of about 400 before Malcolm X was to speak. Then it was Malcolm X’s turn. He stepped up to the stage and stood behind a wooden podium. After he gave the traditional Muslim welcome, â€Å"As-salaam alaikum,† and got the response, a ruckus began in the middle of the crowd. A man had stood up, shouting that a man next to him had tried to pick-pocket him. Malcolm X’s bodyguards left the stage area to go deal with the situation. This left Malcolm unprotected on the stage. Malcolm X sidestepped away from the podium, saying â€Å"Let’s be cool, brothers.† It was then that a man stood up near the front of the crowd, pulled out a sawed-off shotgun from beneath his trench-coat and shot at Malcolm X. The blast from the shotgun made Malcolm X fall backward, over some chairs. The man with the shotgun fired again. Then, two other men rushed the stage, firing a Luger and a .45 automatic pistol at Malcolm X, hitting mostly his legs. The noise from the shots, the violence that had just been committed, and a smoke bomb that had been set off in the back, all added to the chaos. En masse, the audience tried to escape. The assassins used this confusion to their advantage as they blended into the crowd- all but one escaped. The one who did not escape was Talmage â€Å"Tommy† Hayer (sometimes called Hagan). Hayer had been shot in the leg by one of Malcolm X’s bodyguards as he was trying to escape. Once outside, the crowd realized that Hayer was one of the men who had just murdered Malcolm X and the mob started to attack Hayer. Luckily, a policeman happened to be walking by, saved Hayer, and managed to get him into the back of a police car. During the pandemonium, several of Malcolm X’s friends rushed to the stage to try to help him. Despite their efforts, Malcolm X was too far gone. Malcolm X’s wife, Betty Shabazz, had been in the room with their four daughters that day. She ran up to her husband, shouting, â€Å"They are killing my husband!† Malcolm X was put on a stretcher and carried across the street to the Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center. Doctors tried to revive Malcolm X by opening up his chest and massaging his heart, but their attempt was unsuccessful. The Funeral Malcolm X’s body was cleaned, made presentable, and dressed in a suit so that the public could view his remains at the Unity Funeral Home in Harlem. From Monday through Friday (February 22 to 26), long lines of people waited to get a last glimpse of the fallen leader. Despite the numerous bomb threats that frequently closed down the viewing, approximately 30,000 people made it through. When the viewing was over, Malcolm X’s clothes were changed into the traditional, Islamic, white shroud. The funeral was held on Saturday, February 27 at the Faith Temple Church of God, where Malcolm X’s friend, actor Ossie Davis, gave the eulogy. Then Malcolm X’s body was taken to the Ferncliff Cemetery, where he was buried under his Islamic name, El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz. The Trial The public wanted Malcolm X’s assassins caught and the police delivered. Tommy Hayer was obviously the first one arrested and there was strong evidence against him. He had been taken into custody at the scene, a .45 cartridge was found in his pocket, and his fingerprint was found on the smoke bomb. The police found two other suspects by arresting men who had been connected to another shooting of an NOI ex-member. The problem was that there was no physical evidence tying these two men, Thomas 15X Johnson and Norman 3X Butler, to the assassination. The police had only eye-witnesses that vaguely remembered them being there. Despite the weak evidence against Johnson and Butler, the trial of all three defendants began on January 25, 1966. With the evidence mounting against him, Hayer took the stand on February 28 and stated that Johnson and Butler were innocent. This revelation shocked everyone in the courtroom and it was unclear at the time whether the two really were innocent or whether Hayer was just trying to get his co-conspirators off the hook. With Hayer unwilling to reveal the names of the real assassins, the jury ultimately believed the latter theory. All three men were found guilty of first-degree murder on March 10, ​1966, and were sentenced to life in prison. Who Really Killed Malcolm X? The trial did little to elucidate what really happened in the Audubon Ballroom that day. Nor did it reveal who was behind the assassination. As in many other such cases, this void of information led to widespread speculation and conspiracy theories. These theories placed the blame for Malcolm X’s assassination on a wide number of people and groups, including the CIA, FBI, and drug cartels. The more likely truth comes from Hayer himself. After the death of Elijah Muhammad in 1975, Hayer felt overwhelmed with the burden of having contributed to the imprisonment of two innocent men and now felt less obligated to protect the changing NOI. In 1977, after 12 years in jail, Hayer handwrote a three-page affidavit, describing his version of really happened that fateful day in 1965. In the affidavit, Hayer again insisted that Johnson and Butler were innocent. Instead, it was Hayer and four other men who had planned and committed the murder of Malcolm X. He also explained why he killed Malcolm X: I thought it was very bad for anyone to go against the teachings of the Hon. Elijah, then known as the last Messenger of God. I was told that Muslims should more or less be willing to fight against hypocrites and I agreed w/ that. There was no money payed [sic] to me for my part in this. I thought I was fighting for truth and right. A few months later, on February 28, 1978, Hayer wrote another affidavit, this one longer and more detailed and included the names of those really involved. In this affidavit, Hayer described how he was recruited by two Newark NOI members, Ben and Leon. Then later Willie and Wilber joined the crew. It was Hayer who had the .45 pistol and Leon who used the Luger. Willie sat a row or two behind them with the sawed-off shotgun. And it was Wilbur who started the commotion and set off the smoke bomb. Despite Hayer’s detailed confession, the case was not reopened and the three convicted men- Hayer, Johnson, and Butler- served out their sentences, Butler was the first to be paroled in June 1985, after having served 20 years in prison. Johnson was released shortly thereafter. Hayer, on the other hand, was not paroled until 2010, after spending 45 years in prison. Source Friedly, Michael. Malcolm X: The Assassination. Carrol Graf Publishers, New York, NY, 1992, pages 10, 17, 18, 19, 22, 85, 152.

Exploring how HR practice can drive the innovation in Abu Dhabi Dissertation

Exploring how HR practice can drive the innovation in Abu Dhabi Education Council - Dissertation Example These factors are important for the EI: motivation among employees, coordination skills, and knowledge sharing and employee empowerment. This study was carried out on an educational organization in UAE named as ADEC. The respondents were the employees of the organization, selected from two specific departments. To accomplish the objective, a survey questionnaire was designed in relation to the factors mentioned above. The sample of 70 employees from the two departments namely, human resource department and the department for policy planning and management were taken. Stratified sampling technique was used to select samples because the purpose was to obtain quick information. Acknowledgments I would like to thank Almighty Allah for His endless blessings and providing me with the much needed courage and inner help especially during this difficult phase of my life. I would like to thank my supervisors and I am highly indebted to them for their constant support and help. Firstly, I would like to thank Mr. / Ms ----. My teacher has been a great source of guidance during this task and helped me to complete this work. ____ has been a constant source of inspiration, very encouraging and supportive at every step of the task. My teacher has been willing to give continuous, timely and quality feedback which is unmatched in my experience. I am obliged to my Department â€Å"--------† from where I completed my Masters studies and attained more advanced knowledge regarding HRM and training. My deep gratitude is extended to -------- for his/her immense support and cooperation which helped me a lot in timely completion of study. Also I am thankful to ------- for her/his generous and tremendous support. My sincere thanks are due to the employees of ADEC working in Abu Dhabi whose cooperation in terms of filling up the questionnaires has made this effort successful. Finally, I would like to thank my family, my parents, friends and siblings for their unconditional love, su pport, prayers and optimism – without you all, I would not be able to reach this destination which I am today. Contents Abstract 2 1.1 Objectives of the Study 11 1.2 Rational of the study 12 2.0 Literature review 12 2.1 Definition of Training 12 2.2 Training process 13 2.3 Learning Theories about Training 14 2.4 Employee Empowerment 15 2.5 Knowledge Sharing 16 2.6 Co-ordination Skills 17 2.7 Employee Motivation 19 2.8 Employee Innovativeness (EI) 20 2.8.1 Definition of Innovativeness 20 2.8.2 Innovativeness and Theory 21 2.8.3 Innovativeness Driving Factors 22 2.8.4 Anti-innovativeness Factors 24 2.9 Conceptual framework 26 2.10 Relationship between Training and Innovativeness (Li, Zhao and Liu, 2006) 27 3.0 Research Methodology 27 3.1 Research Question 27 3.1 Research Method 28 3.2 Research Strategy 29 3.3 Data Collection Sources 30 3.4 Target Population 31 3.5 Sample Design 31 3.6 Sample size 32 3.7 Data Collection Instruments 32 3.7.1 Questionnaire 32 3.8 Fieldwork 33 3.9 Data Analysis 33 3.10 Ethical Consideration 34 3.12 Aadvantages of the Research Method 35 3.13 Disadvantages of the Research Method 35 4.0 Results and Discussion 35 4.2 Training and innovativeness 36 4.3 UAE work culture and its influence on training and innovativeness 37 4.4 Analysis 38 5.0 Conclusion 63 5.1 Organizational Overview 63 5.2 Review of Hypothesis Development 64 5.2 Review of Research Problem and Objective 65 5.3 Explanation 66 6.0 Recommendation 67 6.1 Managerial Implication 69